Large Maturing Trees – Scientific Name	Common Name	Evergreen/ Deciduous	Comments	Bloom Time
Acer barbatum	Southern Sugar Maple	D	Bottomland forests, mesic slopes	Apr. - July
Acer negundo	Boxelder	D	Lowland or seasonally flooded sites	Mar. - Apr.
Acer rubrum	Red Maple	D	Red fall color; varied sites, best on moist; great shade	Feb. - Mar.
Betula nigra	River Birch	D	Lowland or moist sites	Mar. - Apr.
Carpinus caroliniana	Ironwood, Musclewood	D	Moist, rich areas; tolerates shading; smooth bark	Mar. - Apr.
Carya aquatica	Water Hickory	D	Wet, poorly drained sites, fastest growth on well-drained	Apr. - May
Carya cordiformis	Bitternut Hickory	D	Wet to drier sites, best on rich, well-drained soils	Apr.
Carya glabra	Pignut Hickory	D	Dry or moist sites; very common	Apr. - May
Carya myristicaeformis	Nutmeg Hickory	D	Rich bottomlands; very rare, locally in Chas/Berk Cos	Apr.
Carya ovalis	Sweet pignut Hickory	D	Dry, fertile forests	Apr. - May
Carya pallida	Pale or Sand Hickory	D	Dry or sandy sites; resembles Carya glabra	Apr. - May
Carya tomentosa	Mockernut Hickory	D	Very common; prefers dry, rich sites	Apr. - May
Celtis Laevigata	Hackberry, Sugarberry	D	Low, wet areas; bark has corky projections	Apr. - May
Fraxinus americana	White Ash	D	Deep, rich well-drained sites	Apr. - May
Fraxinus caroliniana	Carolina or Water Ash	D	Low sites; small tree, rarely exceeds 40 feet	May
Fraxinus pensylvanica	Green Ash	D	Widely distributed; moist sites; relatively fast growing	Apr.
Fraxinus tomentosa	Pumpkin Ash	D	Low, moist sites, in association with cypress and tupelo	Apr. - May
Ilex opaca	American Holly	E	Varied soil types; deep, rich best; attractive foliage/berries
Juglans nigra	Black Walnut	D	Rich, well-drained sites; struggles in pure coastal setting	Apr.
Juniperus silicicola	Southern Red Cedar	E	Low, wet areas; slow-growing; long-lived; screen tree
Juniperus virginiana	Red Cedar	E	Low to dry sites; dense foliage; great screen tree
Liquidambar styraciflua	Sweet Gum	D	Floodplain soils or moist upland sites; great autumn color	Apr. - Jun
Liriodendron tulipifera	Tulip Poplar	D	Deep, well-drained soils; fairly insect/disease resistant	Apr. - Jun
Magnolia grandiflora	Southern Magnolia	E	Rich, moist sites; large, attractive white flowers	May - Jul.
Magnolia virginiana	Sweetbay Magnolia	E	Wet, sandy acidic soils; white flowers; lemon fragrance	Apr. - Jul
Morus rubra	Red Mulberry	D	Rich, moist sites; rapid growth; large canopy; red fruit	Apr. - May
Nyssa aquatica	Tupelo, Swamp Tupelo	D	Wet to well-drained sites; fast grower; dark purple fruit	Apr. - May
Nyssa biflora	Swamp Gum	D	Wet to well-drained sites	Apr. - Jun
Nyssa sylvatica	Black Gum	D	Moist or dry areas; early, brilliant fall color; great shade	Apr. - Jun
Ostrya virginiana	Hop Hornbeam	D	Moist, fertile soils to sandy sites; occasional coastal plain	Apr. - May
Pinus echinata	Shortleaf Pine	E	Dry, fertile upland sites; relatively fast growing	Mar. - Apr.
Pinus elliottii	Slash Pine	E	Wet flatland sites, can be found on wet sandy soils	Mar. - Apr.
Pinus glabra	Spruce Pine	E	Rich, bottomland sites; not widely distributed within range	Mar. - Apr.
Pinus palustris	Longleaf Pine	E	Slow grower; sandy sites; tolerates drought well	Mar. - Apr.
Pinus serotina	Pond Pine	E	Wet flatwoods to sandy, peat-rich swamps	Apr.
Pinus taeda	Loblolly Pine	E	Very common; variety of sites, avoid very wet sites	Mar. - Apr.
Platanus occidentalis	Sycamore	D	Wet sites, tolerates poorly soils; fast growth	Apr. - May
Populus deltoides	Cottonwood	D	Stream sides, floodplains	Mar. - Apr.
Populus heterophylla	Swamp cottonwood	D	Swamp forests, floodplains	Mar. - Apr.
Prunus serotina	Black Cherry	D	Widely distributed; rapid growth; best on moist sites	Apr. - May
Quercus alba	White Oak	D	Variety of sites, best on well-drained areas; wildlife food	Apr.
Quercus austrina	Bluff Oak	D	Rich slopes, over calcareous sediments; rare	Apr.
Quercus coccinea	Scarlet Oak	D	Dry, upland sites; rapid grower, short-lived; rare coastal	Apr. - May
Quercus falcata	Southern Red Oak	D	Dry areas	Apr.
Quercus hemisphaerica	Upland Laurel Oak	E	Maritime forests, dry sandy soils	Mar. - Apr.
Quercus incana	Bluejack Oak	D	Sand ridges; small shrubby tree	Apr.
Quercus laevis	Turkey Oak	D	Sand ridges; very xeric soils	Apr.
Quercus laurifolia	Laurel Oak	E	Low or sandy areas, best in well-drained	Mar. - Apr.
Quercus lyrata	Overcup Oak	D	Lowland or floodplain sites ; slow grower	Mar. - Apr.
Quercus margaretta	Sand post Oak	D	Sand ridges with loam or clay	Apr.
Quercus marilandica	Blackjack Oak	D	Clay-rich upland woods, droughty soils	Apr.
Quercus michauxii	Swamp Chestnut Oak	D	Bottomlands	Apr.
Quercus nigra	Water Oak	D	Ubiquitous, well-suited to coastal environment	Apr.
Quercus pagoda	Cherrybark Oak	D	Bottomlands	Apr.
Quercus phellos	Willow Oak	D	Low, well-drained sites; rapid growth; resembles a willow	Mar. - Apr.
Quercus shumardii	Shumard’s Oak	D	Bottomlands; moist, fertile soils ; scattered distribution	Apr.
Quercus similes	Bottomland Post Oak	D	Rich calcareous stream bottoms; rare
Quercus stellata	Post Oak	D	Dry uplands or clay soils, best on loamy soils	Apr.
Quercus velutina	Black Oak	D	Dry woods; xeric, sandy soils	Apr.
Quercus virginiana	Live Oak	E	Variety of sites; well-suited to coast	Apr.
Sabal palmetto	Cabbage Palmetto	E	Dry or wet areas
Taxodium ascendens	Pond Cypress	D	Cypress savannas, acid swamps
Taxodium distichum	Bald Cypress	D	Freshwater wet areas	Mar. - Apr.
Ulmus alata	Winged Elm	D	Rich woods	Feb. - Mar.
Ulmus americana	American Elm	D	Bottomlands	Mar. - Apr.

Shrubs – Scientific Name	Common Name	Evergreen/ Deciduous	Comments	Bloom Time
Amorpha fruticosa	False Indigo	D	Streamsides, tidal marshes; purple flower	Apr. - Jul.
Baccharis halmifolia	Salt Myrtle	E	Downy plumes; throughout	Sep. - Oct.
Batis maritima	Saltwort	E	Brackish marshes	Jun. - Jul.
Bumelia sp.	Buckhorn	D	White flowers; dry areas	Jun. - Jul.
Callicarpa americana	Beautyberry	D	Bright purple berries; pink flowers	Jun. - Jul.
Calycanthus floridus	Sweetshrub	D	Low, rich woods; aromatic; maroon; rare	Apr. - May
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Button Bush	D	White flowers; wet areas	Jun. - Aug.
Clethra alnifolia	Sweet Pepperbush	D	White flowers, fragrant; fresh wet areas	Sep. - Oct.
Cyrilla racemiflora	Titi	Semi-E	White flowers; moist areas	May - Jul.
Forestiera acuminata	Swamp Privet	D	Swamp forests, calcareous sediments; rare	Mar.
Forestiera godfreyi	Godfrey’s Privet	D	Sea islands, shell middens; rare	Feb.
Fothergilla gardenii	Witch Alder	D	Pocosins, wet savannas; rare	Sep. - Oct.
Gaylussacia dumosa	Dwarf Huckleberry	D	Xeric to mesic acidic woodlands	Mar. - Jun.
Gaylussacia frondosa	Dangleberry	D	Mesic, acidic woodlands, pocosins	Mar. - May
Hypericum hypericoides	St. Andrew’s Cross	Semi-E	Yellow flowers; dry areas	May - Aug.
Hypericum stans	St. Peter’s Wort	Semi-E	Yellow flowers; dry areas	Jun. - Oct.
Ilex cassine	Dahoon Holly	E	Red berries; fresh wet areas
Ilex glabra	Inkberry	E	Black berries; moist areas
Ilex verticillata	Winterberry	D	Red berries; moist areas
Ilex vomitoria	Yaupon Holly	E	Red berries; throughout
Itea virginica	Virginia Sweetspire	D	White flowers; red fall color; moist areas	May - J un.
Leucothoe axillaris	Leucothoe	E	White flowers; moist areas	Mar. - May
Litsea aestivalis	Pondspice	D	Depression ponds, Carolina bays; rare	Mar. - Apr.
Lyonia ligustrina	Southern Maleberry	D	Pocosins, seepage bogs, other wet habitats	Apr. - Jun.
Lyonia lucida	Fetterbush	E	Pink flowers; moist areas	Apr. - Jun.
Lyonia mariana	Staggerbush	D	Pine flatwoods, savannas, pocosin-sandhill	Apr. - May
Myrica cerifera	Wax Myrtle	E	Blue fruit; fragrant; throughout
Osmanthus americana	Wild Olive	E	Cream flowers; dry areas	Apr. - May
Quercus minima	Dwarf Live Oak	E	Flatwoods, coastal fringe sandhills	Apr.
Quercus pumila	Running Oak	D	Flatwoods, especially in loamy soil	Mar. - Apr.
Rhododendron atlanticum	Dwarf Azalea	D	Pink flowers; moist-dry areas	Apr. - May
Rhododendron canescens	Wild Azalea	D	Pink flowers; fresh wet-dry areas	Mar. - May
Rhus copallina	Winged Sumac	D	Red fall color; dry areas
Rosa carolina	Wild Rose	D	Pink flowers; dry areas	May - Jun.
Rosa palustris	Swamp Rose	D	Pink flowers; moist areas	May - Jul.
Sabal minor	Shrub Palmetto	E	Moist areas
Sambucus canadensis	Elderberry	D	White flowers; throughout	Apr. - Jul.
Serenoa repens	Saw Palmetto	E	Low areas
Vaccinium arboreum	Sparkleberry	E	Black berries; white flowers; dry areas	Apr. - Jun.
Vaccinium corymbosum	Highbush Blueberry	D	Blue berries; white flowers; moist areas	Feb. - May
Vaccinium crassifolium	Creeping Blueberry	E	Pine flatwoods, savannas, pocosin-sandhill	Apr. - May
Vaccinium elliottii	Mayberry	D	Bottomlands, slopes, sandy river terraces	Mar. - Apr.
Viburnum nudum	Possum Haw	D	Bogs, swamps, pocosins	Mar. - Apr.
Viburnum rufidulum	Blue Haw	D	White flowers; dry areas	Mar. - Apr.
Yucca aloifolia	Spanish Bayonet	E	White flowers; dry sandy areas	Jun. - Jul.
Yucca filamentosa	Bear Grass	E	White flowers; dry areas	Apr. - Jul.

Shrubs – Scientific Name

Common Name

Evergreen/ Deciduous

Comments

Bloom Time

Amorpha fruticosa

False Indigo

Streamsides, tidal marshes; purple flower

Apr. - Jul.

Baccharis halmifolia

Salt Myrtle

Downy plumes; throughout

Sep. - Oct.

Batis maritima

Saltwort

Brackish marshes

Jun. - Jul.

Bumelia sp.

Buckhorn

White flowers; dry areas

Jun. - Jul.

Callicarpa americana

Beautyberry

Bright purple berries; pink flowers

Jun. - Jul.

Calycanthus floridus

Sweetshrub

Low, rich woods; aromatic; maroon; rare

Apr. - May

Cephalanthus occidentalis

Button Bush

White flowers; wet areas

Jun. - Aug.

Clethra alnifolia

Sweet Pepperbush

White flowers, fragrant; fresh wet areas

Sep. - Oct.

Cyrilla racemiflora

Titi

Semi-E

White flowers; moist areas

May - Jul.

Forestiera acuminata

Swamp Privet

Swamp forests, calcareous sediments; rare

Mar.

Forestiera godfreyi

Godfrey’s Privet

Sea islands, shell middens; rare

Feb.

Fothergilla gardenii

Witch Alder

Pocosins, wet savannas; rare

Sep. - Oct.

Gaylussacia dumosa

Dwarf Huckleberry

Xeric to mesic acidic woodlands

Mar. - Jun.

Gaylussacia frondosa

Dangleberry

Mesic, acidic woodlands, pocosins

Mar. - May

Hypericum hypericoides

St. Andrew’s Cross

Semi-E

Yellow flowers; dry areas

May - Aug.

Hypericum stans

St. Peter’s Wort

Semi-E

Yellow flowers; dry areas

Jun. - Oct.

Ilex cassine

Dahoon Holly

Red berries; fresh wet areas

Ilex glabra

Inkberry

Black berries; moist areas

Ilex verticillata

Winterberry

Red berries; moist areas

Ilex vomitoria

Yaupon Holly

Red berries; throughout

Itea virginica

Virginia Sweetspire

White flowers; red fall color; moist areas

May - J un.

Leucothoe axillaris

Leucothoe

White flowers; moist areas

Mar. - May

Litsea aestivalis

Pondspice

Depression ponds, Carolina bays; rare

Mar. - Apr.

Lyonia ligustrina

Southern Maleberry

Pocosins, seepage bogs, other wet habitats

Apr. - Jun.

Lyonia lucida

Fetterbush

Pink flowers; moist areas

Apr. - Jun.

Lyonia mariana

Staggerbush

Pine flatwoods, savannas, pocosin-sandhill

Apr. - May

Myrica cerifera

Wax Myrtle

Blue fruit; fragrant; throughout

Osmanthus americana

Wild Olive

Cream flowers; dry areas

Apr. - May

Quercus minima

Dwarf Live Oak

Flatwoods, coastal fringe sandhills

Apr.

Quercus pumila

Running Oak

Flatwoods, especially in loamy soil

Mar. - Apr.

Rhododendron atlanticum

Dwarf Azalea

Pink flowers; moist-dry areas

Apr. - May

Rhododendron canescens

Wild Azalea

Pink flowers; fresh wet-dry areas

Mar. - May

Rhus copallina

Winged Sumac

Red fall color; dry areas

Rosa carolina

Wild Rose

Pink flowers; dry areas

May - Jun.

Rosa palustris

Swamp Rose

Pink flowers; moist areas

May - Jul.

Sabal minor

Shrub Palmetto

Moist areas

Sambucus canadensis

Elderberry

White flowers; throughout

Apr. - Jul.

Serenoa repens

Saw Palmetto

Low areas

Vaccinium arboreum

Sparkleberry

Black berries; white flowers; dry areas

Apr. - Jun.

Vaccinium corymbosum

Highbush Blueberry

Blue berries; white flowers; moist areas

Feb. - May

Vaccinium crassifolium

Creeping Blueberry

Pine flatwoods, savannas, pocosin-sandhill

Apr. - May

Vaccinium elliottii

Mayberry

Bottomlands, slopes, sandy river terraces

Mar. - Apr.

Viburnum nudum

Possum Haw

Bogs, swamps, pocosins

Mar. - Apr.

Viburnum rufidulum

Blue Haw

White flowers; dry areas

Mar. - Apr.

Yucca aloifolia

Spanish Bayonet

White flowers; dry sandy areas

Jun. - Jul.

Yucca filamentosa

Bear Grass

White flowers; dry areas

Apr. - Jul.

Ulmus rubra	Slippery Elm	D	Low areas; rare in coastal plain	Feb. - Mar.
Small Maturing Trees – Scientific Name	Common Name	Evergreen/ Deciduous	Comments	Bloom Time
Aesculus pavia	Red Buckeye	D	Red flowers; fresh wet areas	Apr. - May
Alnus serrulata	Tag Alder	D	Streambanks, marshes	Feb. - Mar.
Amelanchier arborea	Service berry	D	Rich woods, bluffs, bay heads	Feb. - Mar.
Amelanchier canadensis	Serviceberry	D	White flowers; red fruit	Mar. - Apr.
Cercis canadensis	Redbud	D	Lavender flowers; dry areas	Mar. - Apr.
Chionanthus virginicus	Fringe Tree	D	Off-white flowers	Jul. - Sep.
Cornus florida	Dogwood	D	White flowers; part shade; red fall color	Mar. - Apr.
Crataegus marshallii	Hawthorn	D	White flowers; red fruit; wet areas	Apr. - May
Crataegus uniflora	Hawthorn	D	White flowers; red fruit; dry areas	Apr. - May
Diospyros virginiana	Persimmon	D	Varied sites; conspicuous orange to purple fruit	May - Jun.
Gordonia lasianthus	Loblolly Bay	E	White flowers; wet areas	Jul. - Sep.
Halesia carolina	Carolina Silverbell	D	Rich woods, calcareous hammocks; rare	Mar. - Apr.
Hamamelis virginiana	Witch Hazel	D	Pale yellow flowers; dry areas	Oct. - Dec.
Ilex cassine	Cassena Holly	E	Red berries; moist areas
Malus angustifolia	Crabapple	D	Pink flowers; throughout	Apr. - May
Osmanthus americana	Wild Olive	E	Acid bays and swamps	Apr. - May
Persea borbonia	Red Bay	E	Used for cooking; moist areas
Planera aquatica	Water Elm	D	River floodplains	Mar. - Apr.
Prunus angustifolia	Chickasaw Plum	D	Sandy sites; fast grower; forms dense thickets	Mar. - Apr.
Prunus caroliniana	Cherry Laurel	E	Well-drained, rich sites; white flowers; rapid growth	Mar. - Apr.
Salix caroliniana	Carolina Willow	D	Riverbanks, sandbars, wet places	Mar. - Apr.
Salix nigra	Black Willow	D	Low, wet areas; fast growth	Mar. - Apr.
Sassafras albidum	Sassafras	D	Red fall color; throughout
Sorbus arbutifolia	Red Chokeberry	D	White flowers; red fruit; moist areas	Mar. - May
Styrax americana	Storax	D	Swamp forests, calcareous hammocks	Mar. - Apr.
Symplocos tinctoria	Horse Sugar	Semi-E	Cream flowers; sandy areas	Mar. - May
Xanthoxylum americanum	Toothache Tree	D	Rich woods, over calcareous rocks; rare	Mar. - Apr.

Large Maturing Trees – Scientific Name

Common Name

Evergreen/ Deciduous

Comments

Small Maturing Trees – Scientific Name

Common Name

Evergreen/ Deciduous

Comments

Bloom Time

Shrubs – Scientific Name

Common Name

Evergreen/ Deciduous

Comments

Bloom Time

Ilex vomitoria

Itea virginica

Leucothoe axillaris

Litsea aestivalis

Lyonia ligustrina

Lyonia lucida

Lyonia mariana

Myrica cerifera

Osmanthus americana

Quercus minima

Quercus pumila

Rhododendron atlanticum

Rhododendron canescens

Wild Azalea

Rhus copallina

Rosa carolina

Wild Rose

Rosa palustris

Swamp Rose

Sabal minor

Shrub Palmetto

Sambucus canadensis

Elderberry

Serenoa repens

Saw Palmetto

Vaccinium arboreum

Sparkleberry

Vaccinium corymbosum

Highbush Blueberry

Vaccinium crassifolium

Creeping Blueberry

Vaccinium elliottii

Mayberry

Viburnum nudum

Possum Haw

Viburnum rufidulum

Blue Haw

Yucca aloifolia

Spanish Bayonet

Yucca filamentosa

Bear Grass